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Tulipa turkestanica
''Tulipa turkestanica'' (Turkestan tulip) is a species of tulip native to central Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang).〔〔Merkodovich, N.A. (ed.) (1941). Flora Uzbekistana 1: 1-566. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.〕〔Nikitina, E.V. & al (eds.) (1951). Flora Kirgizskoi SSR 3: 1-148. Frunze : Izd-vo KirgizFAN SSSR.〕〔Ovczinnikov, P.N. (ed.) (1963). Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR 2: 1-454. Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moskva.〕〔Czerepanov, S.K. (1995). Vascular Plants of Russia and Adjacent States (The Former USSR): 1-516. Cambridge University Press.〕 It was first described by Eduard August von Regel in 1873 as a variety of ''T. sylvestris,'' then elevated to full species status two years later.〔Richard Wilford, Tulips, Species and hybrids for the gardener (Portland, Timber Press 2006), 162〕〔Regel, Eduard August von 1875. Trudy Imperatorskago S.-Peterburgskago Botaniceskago Sada. Acta Horti Petropolitani 3(2):296〕
== Description ==
''Tulipa turkestanica'' is a herbaceous, bulbous perennial growing 10 cm to 15 cm tall, with 2–4 thin glaucous leaves up to 15 cm long on each stem. The margins and tips have a pinkish colour. The leathery bulb is bright reddish-brown and has a hairy tunic. Each plant produces between one and twelve〔1-7 according to Anna Pavord, The Tulip, London, Bloomsbury 1999, 339〕 star-shaped flowers. The flowers are ivory white to pinkish red, with a yellow to orange basal blotch, which extends to about a third of the flower. The backs of the outer tepals are greyish red with a whitish fringe and much wider than the inner tepals, which have a thin, green line on the middle of their outside. The filaments are orange, and the anthers are dark violet or yellow with a violet tip,〔Richard Wilford, Tulips, Species and hybrids for the gardener (Portland, Timber Press 2006), 163〕 which distinguishes it from ''T. biflora'' that has very similar flowers but yellow anthers. It is also slightly smaller and flowers slightly earlier. The flowers only open in direct sunlight. The smell is often described as unpleasant.〔"horrible", Anna Pavord, The Tulip, London, Bloomsbury 1999, 341〕 In the wild, it flowers between March and May, depending on the altitude.
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